Search Results:
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What percentage of the oil reaching the Gulf Coast from the Keystone XL would actually remain in America vs. being exported to places like China?
Answer:
99.7 percent of crude oil produced or imported into the United States is processed here and, although the United States is a net exporter of finished petroleum products, about 92 percent of on-road transportation fuel refined in the United States is used in the United States. However, refineries produce lots of products from a barrel of oil – gasoline, diesel, heating oil, bunker fuel and more – and they need markets for each. The majority – 79 percent – of energy products the United States exports are things like propane, ethanol and kerosene, which are produced in amounts that surpass U.S. demand.
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Why are we transporting oil through a pipeline to Gulf Coast refineries? Why not build new refineries closer to the source?
Answer:
It makes sense to transport Canadian crude to the Gulf Coast because the Gulf region is by far the leader in refinery capacity, with more than twice as much crude oil distillation capacity as any other U.S. region. In fact, the Gulf is home to five of the top 20 oil refineries in the world. According to the Energy Information Administration, there is one operating refinery in North Dakota compared to 45 refineries operating in Texas and Louisiana.
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Does it require more energy to produce oil sands crude than the development actually yields?
Answer:
No. According to the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers, the oil sands process produces six to 10 British Thermal Units (BTU) of energy for every one BTU that goes into steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), the primary method of oil sands extraction. Therefore, the overall energy yield of oil sands production far exceeds the energy that goes into producing it.
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How many pipelines do we have in the United States?
Answer:
The nation’s 170,000 miles of petroleum transmission pipelines are the primary means of moving crude oil, gasoline, diesel fuel and other petroleum products to consumer markets. They move crude oil from oil fields on land and offshore to refineries where it is turned into fuels and other products, then from the refineries to terminals where fuels are trucked to retail outlets. The oil and gas industry remains committed to continuous improvement in pipeline safety, while efficiently delivering more than 70 percent of the petroleum needed to run our country each year.
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Won’t Canadian oil just be exported to other countries after it is refined here? How does that provide the U.S. with any economic benefit?
Answer:
Currently, more than 90 percent of the on-road transportation fuel refined in the United States is used in America. The less than 10 percent of on-road motor fuel that is exported consists primarily of heavier products that aren’t in high demand here. There’s no evidence this ratio will change with increased supplies of oil sands crude.
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How will bringing in Canadian oil benefit the US economy?
Answer:
Developing Canadian oil sands is a capital intensive endeavor, requiring billions of dollars of investment over the next several decades. This investment will give rise to a long-lived, robust period of increased economic activity in Canada. And due to the deep and rich trading relationship between Canada and the United States, the United States will also get significant economic benefits from this increased activity, according to a Canadian Energy Research Institute (CERI) study. The benefits will manifest themselves in terms of increased economic output, GDP and job creation. By the numbers, full Canadian oil sands development and utilization would result in $775 billion to the U.S. GDP as well as 500,000 new U.S. jobs by 2035.
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Will the proposed Keystone XL pipeline be safe? What is being done to prevent spills/leaks?
Answer:
Pipelines have long been recognized as one of the safest, most reliable and well-regulated ways to transport crude oil and petroleum products. Built to the most advanced specifications and monitored and maintained by state-of-the-art technologies, the 1,661-mile Keystone XL pipeline would be no exception.
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Won’t most of the Keystone XL pipeline jobs be short-term?
Answer:
The Keystone XL pipeline is the largest shovel-ready project around, but the construction and permanent jobs it would create get little credit from people who oppose the pipeline or the Canadian oil sands crude it would carry. TransCanada has reported that the Keystone XL project will create 20,000 new jobs, and has even broken down that number to account for the welders and clerks that the project requires.
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Does the extraction and use of oil sands crude produce more greenhouse gas emissions than that of other kinds of oil?
Answer:
Oil sands extraction and processing―like all minerals development―requires energy, which results in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, on a life cycle (or well-to-wheels) basis, emissions from Canadian oil sands are comparable with other crudes refined in the United States. The average for oil sands imported into the United States is only 6 percent higher than the average crude consumed in the United States. Between 70 and 80 percent of GHG emissions come when fuel is burned.
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Does the oil sands production process permanently damage the land on which it takes place?
Answer:
By law, oil sands development areas have to be restored to their natural state by Canadian companies operating there. Moreover, $2 billion investments have been made in carbon capture and storage technology to further reduce GHG emissions. Canadian oil producers and the government have laid out a comprehensive strategy to protect the environment while extracting oil sands.
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